What Is 'Ideal Transformer' ?

Ideal Transformer

An ideal transformer is an imaginary transformer which does not have any loss in it, means no core losses, copper losses and any other losses in transformer. Efficiency of this transformer is considered as 100%.

Ideal Transformer Model

 Best transformer version is developed by using considering a transformer which does not have any loss. That means the windings of the transformer are in basic terms inductive and the core of transformer is loss free. There may be zero leakage reactance of transformer. As we said, each time we region a low reluctance middle within the windings, most quantity of flux passes thru this middle, however still there may be some flux which does no longer pass via the middle but passes through the insulation used within the transformer. This flux does no longer take part in the transformation action of the transformer. This flux is referred to as leakage flux of transformer. In a perfect transformer, this leakage flux is likewise considered nil. Meaning, one hundred% flux passes via the middle and links with both the primary and secondary windings of transformer. Although each winding is desired to be in simple terms inductive but it has a few resistance in it which causes voltage drop and I2R loss in it. In such ideal transformer model, the windings are also considered ideal, meaning resistance of the winding is zero.

 Now if an alternating source voltage V₁ is applied in the primary winding of that ideal transformer, there will be a counter self emf E₁ induced in the primary winding which is purely 180° in phase opposition with supply voltage V₁.

For developing counter emf E₁ across the primary winding, it draws current from the source to produce required magnetizing flux. As the primary winding is purely inductive, that current 90° lags from the supply voltage. This current is called magnetizing current of transformer I_μ.


This alternating current I_μ produces an alternating magnetizing flux Φ which is proportional to that current and hence in phase with it. As this flux is also linked with secondary winding through the core of transformer, there will be another emf E₂ induced in the secondary winding, this is mutually induced emf. As the secondary is placed on the same core where the primary winding is placed, the emf induced in the secondary winding of transformer, E₂ is in the phase with primary emf E₁ and in phase opposition with source voltage V₁.
The above chapter became about a quick dialogue approximately ideal transformer, it has also explained the primary ideal transformer version.